This report summarizes the top 10 scientific problems of solid earth sciences in the 21st century and categorize them into four main types: ① "origin" - the origin of Earth and other planets of the solar system, early earth history, the origins of life; ② " running "- the operation of the earth interior and it’s surface status quo; ③ "livability of surface environment"- climate and climate change; ④ "geological hazards and Earth's resources" - earthquakes, volcanoes.